SPEAKING : Should the government prohibit broadcasters from showing violent programs on TV?

The competition between television broadcasting media is very tight in terms of taking the hearts of viewers since the publication of legislation on freedom of the press, they use many ways to rise their ratings. One of the efforts made ​​by the crew of the television is showing programs which favored by the viewers, one of which shows that violent programms. Of course there are pro and contra about violent programms. Then how the role of government in this case acts as a watchdog for the media? Should the government prohibit broadcasters from showing violent programs on TV? So what steps should be done?

Then what is violent programm? Violent programm is the programm have some dangerous scene like hitting, punching, slapping, screaming including verbal or non verbal.

One fact should not be in dispute: TV is violent! Guns, shootings, murders, hitting, punching, slapping, screaming, kicking, stabbing, explosions, car chases, car smashes, disasters and death are shown daily throughout TV programming. Most violence is not even in nightly news programs and nearly all of the violence on television is fake. TV presents violent acts through acting -- with fake guns and fake blood. For adults, televised violence is probably not a big deal. When a character is killed off a TV show one week, we know the same actor will reappear the next week on another show on a different network. Violence is always involved. The fictional programs on television require a crime, murder or fist-fight to develop plot and story.

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PPD : INDIVIDU SEBAGAI KESATUAN BERBAGAI KARAKTERISTIK

INDIVIDU SEBAGAI KESATUAN BERBAGAI KARAKTERISTIK

A.    Pengertian Individu Sebagai Satu Kesatuan

Untuk memahami karakteristik individu secara umum, perlu terlebih dahulu dipahami apa yang dimaksud dengan individu itu. Individu merupakan satu kesatuan aspek fisik/jasmani dan psikis/sohani/jiwa yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Fisik/jasmani merupakan aspek yang bersifat kasat mata, kongkrit dapat diamati dan tidak kekal, sedangkan psikis/rohani/jiwa merupakan aspek yang bersifat abstrak, immaterial, tidak dapat diamati dan kekal.

Plato membagi jiwa maenjadi tiga aspek kekuatan (trikhotomi), yaitu :

1.      Pikir atau kognisi berlokasi di kepala.

2.      Kehendak berlokasi di dada

3.      Keinginan berlokasi di perut.

Sedangkan Aristoteles membagi jiwa menjadi dua aspek (dikhotomi), yaitu :

1.      Kognisi (gejala mengenal), berpusat di perut.

2.      Konasi (gejala menghendaki), berpusat pada kemauan.

Pandngan para filosuf tentang aspek jasmani dan rohani dapat dibedakan menjadi dua macam, yaitu :

1.      Antara jasmani dan rohani itu merupakan suatu kesatuan sehingga tidak dapat dibagi/dipisahkan sama sekali atau dikenal dengan pandangan monisme.

2.      Meskipun disadari bahwa aspek jasmani dan rohani amerupakan satu kesatuan, tetapi antara jasmani dan rohani itu dapat berdiri sendiri atau dikenal dengan pandangan dualisme.

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PPD : PERKEMBANGAN EMOSI

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

A.    Latar Belakang

Masa remaja merupakan masa peralihan antara masa kanak – kanak ke masa dewasa. Pada masa ini remaja mengalami perkembangan mencapai kematangan fisik, mental, sosial dan emosional. Masa ini biasanya dirasakan sebagai masa yang sulit, baik bagi remaja sendiri maupun bagi keluarga atau lingkungannya.

Setiap remaja memiliki tingkat emosi yang berbeda – beda, begitu pula­­­ dengan tingkat kemampuan remaja dalam mengendalikan emosi yang dimilikinya. Emosi dapat digolongkan menjadi emosi yang positif dan emosi yang negatif. Emosi yang dimiliki setiap remaja dapat berpengaruh terhadap tingkah laku, dapat dikatakan bahwa emosi pada remaja dapat dilihat dari tingkah lakunya.

Jika dilihat dari tiga ranah yang biasa digunakan dalam dunia pendidikan, yaitu ranah kognitif, afektif dan psikomotorik, maka emosi emosi termasuk ke dalam ranah afektif. Emosi banyak berpengaruh terhadap fungsi – fungsi psikis lainnya, seperti: pengamatan, tanggapan, pemikiran dan kehendak. Individu akan mampu melakukan pengamatan atau pemikiran dengan baik jika disertai dengan emosi yang baik pula. Individu juga akan memberikan tanggapan yang positif terhadap suatu objek manakala disertai dengan emosi yang positif pula. Sebaliknya, individu akan melakukan pengamatan atau tanggapan negatif terhadap suatu objek, jika disertai oleh emosi yang negatif terhadap objek tersebut.

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PPD : PERTUMBUHAN FISIK

PERTUMBUHAN FISIK

A.    Pengertian Pertumbuhan Fisik

Pertumbuhan fisik adalah suatu proses perubahan fisiologis yang bersifat progresif dan kontinyu dan berlangsung dalam periode tertentu. Perubahan ini bersifat kuantitatif dan berkisar hanya pada aspek-aspek fisik individu. Secara terminologis pertumbuhan fisik atau pertumbuhan dapat bermakna perubahan pada aspek-aspek fisiologis.

Pertumbuhan meliputi perubahan progresif yang bersifat internal eksternal. Perubahan internal meliputi perubahan ukuran a;lat pencernaan makanan, bertambahnya ukuran besar dan berat jantung serta paru-paru, bertambah sempurnanya sistem kelenjar endoktrin/kelaimn, dan berbagai jaringan tubuh. Adapun perubahan eksternal meliputi bertambahnya tinggi badan, bertambahnya lingkar tubuh, perbandingan ukuran panjang dan lebar tubuh, ukuran besarnya organ seks, dan munculnya tanda-tanda kelamin sekunder.

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Introduction to Linguistics Summaries

·         Linguistics is the scientific study of human language.

·         Language is Communication of thoughts and feelings through a system of arbitrary signals, such as voice sounds, gestures, or written symbols.

·         Linguistic competence is the system of linguistic knowledge possessed by native speakers of a language, it is in contrast to the concept of Linguistic performance, the way the language system is used in communication.

·         Linguistic performance is how to use linguistic competence in actual  speech production and comprehension.

·         Linguistic description (observation and reportage of how language is practised) establishes conceptual categories without establishing formal usage rules (prescriptions)

·         Parole is the concrete use of the language, the actual utterances. It is an external manifestation of langue. It is the usage of the system, but not the system.

·         La langue is the whole system of language that precedes and makes speech possible. A sign is a basic unit of langue.

·         Learning a language, we master the system of grammar, spelling, syntax and punctuation. These are all elements of langue.

·         Langue is a system in that it has a large number of elements whereby meaning is created in the arrangements of its elements and the consequent relationships between these arranged elements.

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CCU : INTRODUCTION

Introduction [ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən] is means, such as a personal letter, of presenting one person to another or  a presentation of one person to another or others. Introduction is one of ways of Cross Cultural Understanding in introduce about someone or our self to other people. It is also important to us to know how the foreigners are introducing someone or introducing himself to other people in different situation.

There are formal and Informal introductions. These introductions are exemplified typical from American Introductions. In USA, Informal introductions tend to use informal language as illustrated in the title used in introduction that a tendency reduce a different status. And in the formal introductions, there are situations where formal introductions are appropriate, when meeting a President of a University, when meeting in a Nation Press Club, when meeting at a business etc.

In the first Introduction of formal introduction the speaker usually use longer sentence, it was using formal words and phrases. Where the second introduction of the informal introduction, which is more informal, it used by reduce the words and sentences, and used simple language.

And furthermore the writer presented Varieties of Introductions. These introductions. These introductions are describing in the conversations formal and informal language, and there are also presented many kinds of the introductions picture. They are from style of by using title in introductions, style of Eye Contact & Handshaking, and through "Small Talk" After Introduction. There is also presented about Speeches, Cultural, and Cultural Objects.

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